WALL STREET JOURNAL
Wall Street Journal is the largest national newspaper began its career modestly. Charls
Dou and Edvard Johns have started their business in 1882, going round the New York's
business area in searches of news and then copied them by hand and sent with them the
couriers to the clients. In the process of growth of number of people, interested in the
information, the edition has developed in the news-sheet, and at last in 1889 the
newspaper was founded.
USA TODAY
It is less than in ten years the newspaper founded in 1984 has reached the circulation in
1,6 million copies, giving way only Wall Street Journal, and the owners have the promising
future.
CHRISTIAN SIGNS THE MONITOR
Boston's dailies, as well as the newspapers in other cities of USA were sensational,
concentrated on the stories about crimes and were in constant struggle for an audience.
Entering in this struggle, Mary Baker Eddy has presented the newspaper with other mission.
Her Christian signs the Monitor based in 1908 was devoted to questions and problems of the
higher plan and intended for the sanction of world global problems.
THE NEWSPAPERS OF METROPOLITAN
New York Times. Since the moment of its foundation in 1851 The New York Times has
reputation due to careful and authentic illumination of foreign news.
Los-Angeles Times. Los-Angeles Times in 1990 have bypassed dying away of New York daily
News by becoming the largest in the country among the metropolitan newspaper with
circulation in 1,3 million copies.
Washington Post. Washington Post has won a name in journalistic investigations, by taking
part in an exposure of Waterloo scandal in 1972, that has resulted to a resignation of the
president Nixon.
THE PROVINCIAL NEWSPAPERS
The metropolitan newspaper with careful investigations on regional and national themes
attract the greater attention than small newspapers, but the majority of the Americans
also read the newspapers of small cities. More or less, these regional orientated
newspapers were enough profitable during the progress of journalism at the end of the
second world war.
50 years ago people from province places bought both local newspapers and metropolitan
newspapers. The provincial newspapers were thin and not very cognitive. The columns of the
editors as a rule were covered only by one opinion. The readers almost had not alternative
sources of information. Since then, the provincial newspapers managed to employ the more
professional journalists, to develop new technologies and to strengthen local advertising
base.
The AMERICAN TV
98 % of American families have at least one TV set. It is turned on the about for 7 hours
a day. The TV had huge influence on the American society. It has resulted that the
Americans earlier visiting church, public assemblies and small cafes, nowadays most part
of time spend in front of TV set.
TECHNOLOGY OF TV
In the 20-th years the young farmer from Idaho Filo Farnsvort has put forward idea of
display of moving figures using vacuum tube and further transferring them to the screen.
Farnsvort has found the sponsors to create laboratory and in 1927 the transfer of the
first moving image was held. In 21 years Filo Frasvort has invented TV.
STRUCTURE OF AMERICAN TV
The American television system is constructed on national and regional levels. At the same
time networks have given the system national character. A congress and FКК were as a
whole satisfied with the American radio-system, as it has developed in 30-th. FКК
invited the people, interested in creation the stations, and getting the license for this
purpose. These stations, transferring the wave, as well as radio station became a core of
the national TV systems, located in areas.
NBC - the federal government licensed the first tele-station in 1941. With the beginning
of the Second World War the work in this direction were suspended. After the war, in 1947
the network NBC began the transmission.
CBS - has begun transmission in 1947. By 1953 CBS has bypassed NBC on amount of audience.
The major factor was creation of popular serials and soap operas.
ABC - the television network ABC was founded in 1948. But the businesses didn't go well,
till 1953 when there was merge of ABC and United Paramount Theatre, belonging to company
Walt Disney.
JOURNALISM OF EUROPE
Press of Great Britain.
There are issued 135 daily, 17 Sunday newspapers, 1325 weekly journals, 5128 magazines and
about 1200 directories and other periodic editions in Great Britain. The press of Great
Britain belongs to five largest newspaper corporations: Associated newspapers ltd.,
Biverbook newspapers Ltd., International publishing corporation, Thompson organisation
Ltd., News of World organisation Ltd.
THE LARGEST NEWSPAPERS OF GREATE BRITAIN
Times - the most influential and authoritative English newspaper. It was issued in 1785.
Circulation was more than 500000 copies. The special edition was destined to the members
of Royal family.
Daily Mail - daily morning newspaper, conservative deviation. It has been issuing in
London since 1896. Volume is about 10 strips, circulation more than 2 million.
Daily mirror - daily morning newspaper. Adheres non-party point of view. It has been
issuing in London since1903. Circulation is more than 5 million copies.
PRESS OF GERMANY
There are more 5000 various editions, out of them 1200 newspapers in Germany.
The largest newspapers and magazines of Germany belong to 10-12 concerns, among them the
largest is the concern Shpringera. It includes more than ten publishing houses. The most
widespread newspapers: Bilt Zeitung, Die Welt, Berliner Morgenpost. The largest magazine -
Der Spiegel.
PRESS OF FRANCE
There are issued more 10 thousand various editions in the country. Out of them there are
more 100 daily newspapers, with general circulation 12 million copies. The largest
newspapers: "IUmanite", "Figaro", "Frans suar", "Le
Monte".
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